lencauchez



6 ShejetS-Sheet 1'.l

(No Model.)

A. LENCAUGHEZ.

FEEDING LOGOMOTIVBS WITH HOT WATER.

Patented Aprr- 2.0;. 1886.

(No Model.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 2. A. LENGAUGHEZ.

PEEDING LOGOMOTIVES WITH HOT WATER.

No. 340,222. Patented Apr. 20, 1886.

e sheets-sheen 3.'

A. LENAUHEZ.

FBBDING LOGOMOTIVES WITH HOT WATER. l Paten ed A151220, 18864.

N, Pains Pnowmmgnpmr. wuhmgmm l:4 c.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

A. LENGAUGHEZ.

FBBDING LOGGMOTIVBSv WITH HOT WATER. No. 340,222. Patented Apr. 20,1886.

N. PETERS. PMID-Lithography: Walhinginn. 0,6-

(No Model.) 6 lSheets--Sheet 5.

A. LENGAUCHEZ. FEEDING LOGOMOTIVES WITH HOT WATER.

No. 340,222. Patented p1. 20, 1886.

J f I EN f Il Wzefes;

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

A. LENCAUCI-IEZ.

FBEDING LOGOMOTIVBS WITH HOT WATER. No. 340,222. Patented Apr. 20, 1886.

N. PETEFIS4 Pbahrulhognphlr, Wallhillgm'vY D. C.

v UNITED STATES PATENT EEicE.

ALEXANDRE LENCAUCHEZ, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

FEE D|NG LCCONIOTIVES WITH HOT WATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 340,222, dated April 20,1886.

Application filed March 5, 1886. Serial No. 194,177.

To all whom it may concern..-

B it known that I, ALEXANDRE LENCAU- CHEZ, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing atA Paris, in said Republic, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Feeding the Boilers of Locomotives and other Steam-Engines with Hot Vater, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention consists in a new kind of feedwater heater, presenting the advantages of realizing a great economy of fuel, and of diminishing ina great proportion the-consumption of Water, and also of purifying the feedwater. These results are obtained on the one part by utilizing the exhaust-steam by direct condensation to heat the water arriving from the tender or other source of supply, and on the other part by causing to enter the boiler in a state of distilled water all the steam condensed in heating the feed-water as lwell as that employed in the heating-jackets of the cylinders. The feed-water thus becomes heated to afhigh temperature, sufficient to produce the deposits precipitated from it in the heating apparatus,which it is easy to set up in such manner that the cleaning can be easily effected.

I also constitute a complete heating apparatus applicable to locomotive and other analogous boilers by which I obtain results superior to those obtained by the different apparatuses heretoforein use forthe same purpose.

The accompanying drawings represent an example of myinvention which may be adopt` ed in the case of feeding` either by pumps or by injectors.

Figure l is a' side view of a locomotive,illus trating the application of my invention for feeding hot water by a pump. Fig. 2 is a similar view illustrating the application to feeding the hot water by injectors. Fig. 3 represents a vertical section of a feed-water heater. Fig. 4 represents an elevation, partly in section, of the feed-water heater and the apparatus for extracting the grease therefrom. Fig. 4* is a horizontal section corresponding with Fig. 4. Fig. 5 is a vertical section, on a larger scale than Figs. 4 and 4*, of the apparatus for extracting grease from the steam.

(No model.)

Fig. 5i is a horizontal section corresponding with Fig. 5. Figs'. 6 and 7 exhibit vertical sections, on a larger scale t-han Figs. 3 and 4, of certain details of the heater. Figs. 8 and 55 9are vertical sections at right angles to each other of the cold-water pump. Figs. 10 and 1l show, respectively, a transverse and a longitudinal vertical section of the hot-water pump and its connections. Fig. 12 is a hori- 6o zontal section of the injector and its connections. Fig. 13 represents a vertical section of the feed-pipe connection with the' boiler, and shows the means of protecting the tubular structure of the boiler from incrusting o5 deposits at the place of introduction of feedwater into the boiler.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in the several figures.

I will first describe Fig. l: b designates the 7o cold-Water pump. a designates the suctionpipe, and c the discharge-pipe, of the said :'puinp; G, the feed-water heater; e, the suction-pipe ofthe hot-water pump; f, the hot- Water pump; g, discharge-pipe of the hot- Water pump; h, apparatus for regulating the movement of the pumps; i, tubes conducting the exhaust-steam to the purifier; j, breeching for connecting the exhaust-pipes ofthe engine and of the brake-pump; A, apparatus for pu- 8O rifying the steam of any grease that it may take up in the engine; Z, discharge-pipe of the purifying apparatus; n, discharge-pipe of the steamf-cylinder jackets o; o, breeching connecting the discharge-tubes of the cylinderjackets; p, suction-pipe of the pump q, which takes the Water from the jackets; r, connection of thepump q with the reservoirs, to which it delivers its water; t, discharge-pipe of the pump q; u, injector and discharge-valve boxes 9o of the pumps f and g.

I will next describe Fig. 2: a is thesuctionpipe from the tender; e, tube leading from the grease extracting or purifying apparatus to the feed-injector f, which takes the place of both the hot-water pump f of Fig. l and the feed-water heater G of that figure; g, the tube for delivering to the steam -boiler the hot water passing by the injector q, which is to be hereinafter referred to; i, tube conducting roc the exhaust-steam into the grease-extracting apparatus; j, breeching connecting the exhaust-tubes with the grease-extracting apparatus A; l, discharge-tube from the apparatus A; n, discharge-tube from the cylinder-jackets o; p, suction-pipe connecting the pipe n with the injector q, which corresponds with the pump q of Fig. l; t, discharge-pipe connecting with the tube g; u injector and valveboxes between the pipe t and the boiler; y, live-steam pipe serving for feed when the engine is stationary,- z, live-steam pipe from the generator to the injector f, to aid the exhaust-steam when necessary for insuring the feed of the boiler.

I will first describe the general operation of feeding by the pump: The cold water is drawn by the pump b from the tender, which is connected with the said pump by the suctionpipe a. This cold water is afterward forced by the same pump through a tube, c, into the ,heater G. The heat is furnished to this heater by the exhaust-steam from the engine-cylinder jackets v by two pipes, z', placed one on each side'of the boiler. This steam before entering the heater G passes through the purifying apparatus A, in which it leaves all the grease which was contained in it, and which is discharged by the tube l into the ash-pit. In the heater G the steam is mixed with the water, which arrives cold, and is condensed by abandoning its latent heat of vaporization, which is caused to raise the temperature of the feed-water to nearly 100 centigrade. The hot water resulting from the mixture of cold water and steam is drawn through a tube, e, by the hot-water pump f, which forces it into the boiler lthrough the tube g. The third pump, q, is connected with the steam-jacket o of the engine-cylinders by the pipe p, having a bifurcated connection, o, with. the two pipes n, which connect with the said jackets. This pump g forces the water of condensation from these jackets through the tubest into the boiler. The pumps fand q are coupled together in such manner as to avoid all interruption to the movement of the liquid columns in the pipes g and t, as will be hereinafter described.

In the second case, in which, instead of'y pumps, injectors are used, the operation is based on the same principles. The exhauststeam, after having been deprived of its grease in the purifier A, passes by the pipe e into the injector f, where it draws in the cold water from the tender by the suction-pipe a. The steam in contact with the cold water is condensed, raising the temperature of the latter, and this water, heated, is forced into the boiler through the pipe g. It will then be seen that the eXhaust-steamhere performs both a physical and a mechanical function-raising the Atemperature of the feed-water and causing it to pass to the boiler. In case of the exhauststeam not having sufficient force to produce this physical and mechanical work, the livesteam pipe z is opened to admit steam directly from the boiler to assist the exhaust-steam and assure the forcing of the feed-water into the boiler. As to the pipe y, its function is to assure thepperation of the apparatus during the time when the engine is stationary, providing for the substitution of live steam for theexhaust-steam. Thesecondsteam-injector, q, is connected by a branched suction-pipe, p, with the pipe's n from the steam-cylinder jackets, and receives the steam and water from these jackets to force them through the pipe t.

The general operation of feeding `the hot water by pumps or injectors having been described, I will proceed to give the details of the different parts of my apparatus. The feed-water-heating apparatus is placed upon the boiler, and externally takes the form of a dome. It has attached to one side of it the steam-purifying or grease-extracting apparatus. These two parts of the apparatus are represented in detail in Figs. 3, 4,11*, 5, and 5*.

I will first describe the greaseextracting apparatus. It is composed of acylindric vessel, A, into the center of which enters the pipe C, through which the exhaust-steam arrives, and of which the extremity is slightly conical and serrated to divide the fluid mass and reunite the vesicles of greasy water, in order to precipitate them more easily to the bottom ofthe purifying-vessel A.f In the lower part of the vessel A are arranged several concentric circular series of upright bars` B, of a semi-cylindric or channeled form and separated from one another to permit the passage of steam between them. The spaces left free between these bars are arranged in quincunx in such manner that in the several circular series they will not be opposite each other, but,on the contrary, will alternate in such manner as to form obstructions, against which the vapors will strike brusquely, and so be caused to separate from it the fatty matters Figs. 1 and 2,) which conducts it to the ashpan ofthe furnace. The lower part of the vessel A is provided with a hand-hole closed by a bonnet, which is removable for the cleaning out of the said vessel. The steam passes from the purifying-vessel A into the feed -water heater by a connection, E.

In order to obviate the possibility of accidental introduction into the exhaust-steam in the vessel A of cold water which is forced into the heater by the feed-pump, which might occur, for instance, by reason of the imperfect operation of the hot-water pump, I place, as shown in Fig. 4, a check-valve, F, fitted to the mouth of the connection E. This valve will permit the passage ofthe steam from the purifier to the heater, and completely prevents IIO stazza s the introduction of Water into the purifier, and hence into the exhaust-pipes.

The feed-water heater is constructed with a dome-shaped casing, G. In the interior of this casing is concentrically placed a cylinder formed of a series of superposed ferrules, H, supporting horizontal plates fur nished with or constituting two sorts of pans, I and J. The pans I are annular and their outer edges unite with the ferrules H, and the alternate pans J are smaller in circumference than the ferrules. The inner edges of the pans I and the outer edges of those J are serrated in order to divide the water which overflows from those above into those below. The ferrules H and the plates which support the fans are held together by upright bolts K. The cold water arrives in the heater by spring,

the central tube, L, in the interior of which is placed another concentric tube, M, terminating in a nozzle formed like an ejector, asv shown in Fig. A6, and from which the water spouts out. The annular space betweenthe tubes M and L forms an air-reservoir to prevent any thumping of the water. of the tube M the water st-rikes a concave cap. which spreads it in the form of a shower in all directions, so that it falls in the form of cascades from pau to pan. The steam at the exit of the tube E expands in the space contained between the wall of the casing G and the cylinder formed by theferrules H. Above the pans J the ferrules are furnished with oriices P, through which the steam passes to methodically heat the water as it condenses itself during its ascension 'through the apparatus. The hot water is collected at the bottom of the heater in a chamber, O, to be drawn out by the hot-water pump through the tube e. (See also Fig. l.)

As the cold-water pump might accidentally fill up the heater and effect the rupture of the casing G, by reason of the excess of pressure produced therein, I provide the said ves sel with a safety-valve in which there is an air-vent valve. This safety-valve R., represented on a larger scale in Fig. 7, is fitted to a seat made in the same piece with the cap N, before mentioned. This seat is made in a box, S, which communicates above the valve by orifices Q with the atn1osphere,and below the valve by orifices Q with the interior ot' the heater. The said valve is loaded by a R'. The said valve has provided through it a central orifice, T, for the escape of air, the said orifice being fitted withasmall valve, U, to prevent the external air from accidentally entering theinterior ofthe apparatus. If for any other reason whatever an excess of pressure should have taken place in the heater, it will produce an escape through the passage T and valve U, and if this pressure further increases the valve R will be raised and' give passage to a greater outdow of water.

As hereinabove mentioned, my feeding ap- At the exit.

paratus s'applicable either with pumps or with injectors. I will proceed to give successively descriptions of those organs which are applied in a special manner.

which is hollow. c is the barrel of the pump, i

and d the plunger.- The discharge-Valve e resembles the suction valve. c is the discharge-tube.

The operation of this pump is like that of all ordinary pumps; but that is not the case with the hotwater pump f, the latter being coupled with the pump q. which takes the water from the steam-cylinder jackets, and of which I` will now give a description with rer'- erence to Figs. 10 and l1. designates the sucticu-box of lthis hot-water pumpf, forming also an air-reservoir; h h', the two suctionvalves ofthe said pump, which are made hollow and arranged in the valve-box i', provided on the hot water pump f,- j', the plunger', common to both the hot-water pump fand the pump q, which takes the water from the steamcylinder jackets; k, the discharge-valve of the hot-water pump, l', the discharge-box of said pump leading to the regulator, which consists ofthe cyliuderh, containing a piston, m; g. the dischargepipe connecting the discharge-box l with the steamboiler; p', the suction-box forming an annular air'reservoir between the pump q', which takes the water from the steam-cylinder jackets and the suction-pipes oi' such pump; q', the hollow suction-valveof the latter pump; qi, the hollow discharge-valve of said pump; r, the counec tion between said pu-mp and the dischargebox ot' said pump; t, the pipe connecting said box s and the boiler.

rIhe operation of the two coupled pumps just described is very regular, owing tothe pressure-regulating apparatush m. In effect, by reason ofthis regulator,although the pumps are single-acting. the flow is continuous inthe discharge-tubes toward the boiler'. Suppose the apparatus to be in operation, the passages g and s are all tilled with liquid. At the moment when the piston j will move toward the left the liquid will be discharged by the hotwater pumpf and drawn into the pump q from the cylinderjackets. The water passing out from the box Z presses upon and moves the regulatorpiston m in the cylinder n. The effect of this is that the regulator-pistou m acts upon the liquid on the right side of it, producing through the conduit t the continuity ot the current. On the contrary,when the piston j moves toward the right, it discharges from the cylinder-jacket pump q and produces suction in the hot-water pumpf. The regulator-piston m', being then subject to the action of the liquid in the reservoir s, will be IOO IIS

ter heaters, as has been laereinbefore mentioned. The exhauststeam injector placed in rear of the engine, (designated in Fig. 2 by the letter f,) is applied in such manner that the exhaust-steam serves at the same time as the means of heating the feed-water, and the motor of the liquid column coming from the tender by the tube a and going to the boiler by the pipe g. To this pipe g is connected another pipe, g, which is shown in Fig. 12in detail, and with which is connected theinjector g, for taking the water from the steam'cylinder jackets. The steam from the jackets arrives by the tube p, entering the injector at q. ThisA new steam assists 'the circulation of the water in the tubes g and t, and further heats the feedwater before it has ent-ered the boiler. In case of feeding by the pump the water enters the boiler by the apparatus u, Fig. l, containing an attachment in the form of an injector, as shown in Fig. I3. The feed-water in spouting into the boiler makes deposits which would incrust the tubes of the boiler. To prevent these deposits collecting at the exit of the regulator u, I place a screen, u', which directs the feed-water against the walls of the boiler, and thus protects the tubes from incrustation. In case of feeding by the injector a similar screen is provided.

Whatl claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination,with the engine-boiler, the engine exhaust-pipe, and the cold-water pump, of a steam-purifier for extracting the grease from the exhaust-steam of the engine, a feed-water heater into which is introduced the cold water supplied by the said pump, and into which the exhaust steam is delivered after passing through4 the said purier, and a hot-water pump for delivering to the boiler from the said heater the hot water resulting from the mixture of cold water and exhauststeam in the said heater, substantially as herein described.

2. The combination, with the engineboiler,

the coldwater pump b, the lengine exhaustpipe fi, the cylinderjackets v,- the escape-pipes n of the cylinder-jackets, the feed-waterheater G, which receives the'exhaust-steam from the engine exhaust-pipe and the water from the cold-water pump, the hot-water pump f,which takes the hot water from the feed-water heater, and the pump q, which takes the water from the escape-pipes of the cylinder-jackets, the said pumps having their plungers coupled in one, all substantially as herein described.

3. The combination, with the feed-water heater, the hot-water pump f, for taking the water from said heater, and the pump p, for taking the water from the cylinderjackets, the said pumps having their plungers coupled in one, ofthe regulator consisting of the cylinder h, and the contained piston m', interposed between the discharge-pipes of said pumps, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

4. The purifier for extracting the grease from the exhaust-steam, consisting of the com bination ofthe casing A, the central pipe, C, entering said casing at the top and having its lower end open and serrated, the annular plates D D', and the circular series of upright channeled bars surroundingthe open serrated lower end of said pipe, substantially as herein described.

5. The feed-water heater consisting of the combination of the casing G, the contained cylinder composed of a series of ferrules, H, having side openings. I), the pans I, having central overliow, the interposed pans J, with overtlow at the outer margins, the feed-pipe L, passing through said cylinder and pans, the exhaust-steam pipe e, entering said casing below said cylinders and pans, the central pipe, M, within the feed-pipe, and the double safety-valve T U, all substantially as herein described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specitication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALEXANDRE LENCAUCHEZ. Vtitnesses:

CH. CRMERS, RoB'r. M. HOOVER. 

